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Showing posts with label Davy Crockett. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Davy Crockett. Show all posts

Sunday, March 6, 2011

Crockett Dies, Bowie Knife in Hand (?)

The Magazine of American History With Notes and Queries of December 1883 published Confederate general Marcus J. Wright's profile of Davy Crockett, which ends with this stirring account of his death:
The scene is at the Alamo. The Alamo is surrounded by the army of Santa Anna, and but six of the Texan garrison are left alive. The garrison has surrendered; Crockett stands alone in an angle of the fort, the barrel of his shattered rifle in his right hand, and in his left his huge bowie knife dripping blood. There is a frightful gash across his forehead, while around him is a complete barrier of about twenty Mexicans lying pell-mell, dead and dying. Crockett's look and step are as undaunted and defiant as ever. The word of death is given. A dozen swords are sheathed in that brave heart, and Crockett falls and expires without a groan, a frown on his brow, and a smile of scorn and defiance on his lips. A fitting end to his heroic life.
Reuben Potter (1802–1890)

This was too much for Reuben Marmaduke Potter, a Texan and a noted authority on the Battle of the Alamo, and he wrote a response that was published a few months later. I like the fact that Potter applies some simple logic to dispute the account--it's surprising how rarely that is done.
The closing paragraph of the sketch of Col. Crockett in the December Magazine does great injustice to the defenders of the Alamo, while it unwittingly, I have no doubt, associates Crockett with the only group of skulkers found in that heroic garrison. The passage begins as follows: "The scene is at the Alamo. The Alamo is surrounded by the army of Santa Anna, and but six of the garrison are left alive. The garrison has surrendered."

This assertion is all wrong. Not a man of that garrison surrendered, but each one, Crockett among the rest, fell fighting at his post, except the few skulkers referred to. Even they did not surrender; but were dragged from their hiding-place and executed. The writer goes on to say: "Crockett stands alone in an angle of the fort; the barrel of his shattered rifle in his right hand, and in his left a huge bowie-knife, dripping blood. There is a frightful gash across his forehead, while around him is a complete barrier of about twenty Mexicans lying pell-mell dead and dying."

The assailants of the Alamo were infantry troops, armed with musket and bayonet, and during the minute, or half minute, which it must have taken Crockett to fell his twenty foes, who had more than twenty at their backs, it is singular that no soldier was able to shoot or pierce him; for a man who wielded a rifle-barrel in one hand, and a big bowie-knife in the other, however robust, must have been an awkward fencer. The passage then continues thus: "Crockett's look and step are as undaunted and defiant as ever. The word of death is given. A dozen swords are sheathed in that brave heart, and Crockett falls and expires without a groan, a frown on his brow, and a smile of scorn and defiance on his lips -- a fitting end to his heroic life."

Now what prevented those twenty swords from doing their office before Crockett got through with striking down twenty of his assailants? A good story, whether true or not, ought to have a spice of probability. All that is known about Crockett's death is, that, like his companions, he fell fighting at his post. Santa Anna was not accompanied by a corps of ubiquitous, all-seeing reporters, who could describe the last blow and last look of every hero who fell. Crockett's body was found, not in an angle of the fort, but in a one-gun battery which overtopped the center of the west wall, where his remains were identified by Mr. Ruiz, a citizen of San Antonio, whom Santa Anna, immediately after the action, sent for and ordered to point out the slain leaders of the garrison. In regard to the six last survivors, of whom the writer to whom I refer says Crockett was one, the fact from which the story has apparently grown is, that about half an hour, I think it was, after the capture and massacre, four, five, or six men of the garrison were found in one of the rooms of the Alamo, concealed under bundles of forage or some such substance. The discovery was reported to Santa Anna, who ordered the men to be shot, which was at once done; but it is needless to say that Crockett was not one of them. He was already dead at his post when those men were found. The defence of the Alamo and the fall of its garrison form one of the most heroic incidents in our history; but the true recollection of it is almost buried under fictions, which, from reaction, are liable to throw doubt on the real heroism of the narrative. The name of Crockett has been a fruitful nucleus for those incredible yarns, one of which contradicted his heroic death by bringing him to life in the mines of Mexico. His name seems to have a charm which can secure belief for any romance about him. The author of the article in question gives a truthful account of Crockett's home life, but has evidently been misled by some extravagant story-teller concerning his death.
NOTE: The lurid verbiage--"huge bowie knife dripping blood," etc.-- about the deaths of Bowie and Crockett, found in the account mentioned here and in the previous post, was taken from an article published in the Baltimore Gazette and Daily Advertiser on June 29, 1836. It was lifted verbatim and included in the 1837 edition of Davy Crockett's "autobiography," from whence it appears that later chroniclers borrowed it.

The Fall of the Alamo: March 6, 1836


Today is the 175th anniversary of the fall of the Alamo. An article in The Century magazine in 1884 gave the following evocative, if fanciful, description of that fabled last stand:
"Thermopylae had her messengers of death; the Alamo had none." The last one of the garrison went down under the violence of the Mexicans. Colonel Bowie, who was sick in bed at the fall of the fort, fired from his bed until his last shot was gone and he had a wall of dead about him; the Mexicans dared not approach, but shot him from a window, and, as the enemy came to his bed, nerving himself for a last effort, the dying Bowie plunged the deadly knife which bears his name to the vitals of the nearest foe, and expired. The gallant Colonel Travis fell mortally wounded, but was able on the approach of the foe to sit up. A Mexican officer attempted to cut off his head with a saber. Travis, with a death grasp, drew his sword, which he plunged into the body of his antagonist, both dying at the same moment. General Castrillon took Colonel Crockett, who stood alone in an angle of the fort, the barrel of his shattered gun in his right hand, in his left his huge bowie-knife, dripping blood. There was a fearful gash across his head, and at his feet a cordon of nearly twenty foemen, dead and dying. His captor, who was brave and not cruel, took his silvery-haired prisoner to Santa Anna, who flew into a rage, and at his command a file of soldiers shot down the dauntless Crockett. Santa Anna had given the most imperative orders that no prisoners should be taken.
As there are no known first-hand accounts of the death scenes of each of these heroes, the author evidently felt free to imagine the most dramatic scenes possible and then jot them down as history.

The line quoted by the author--"Thermopylae had her messengers of death; the Alamo had none"--is inscribed on the monument at the Alamo, and comes from a speech written by Thomas Jefferson Green on the fifth anniversary of the battle. It implies that there were no survivors, but in fact there were a number of them, as this reference points out: "nearly twenty women and children, who experienced the twelve days of siege leading to the final assault, were spared and allowed to return to their homes. The survivors also included Joe, the slave of William B. Travis. The best known Alamo survivor, Susanna Dickinson, was sent to Gonzales by Santa Anna with a warning to the Texans that the same fate awaited them if they continued their revolt.

Monday, January 3, 2011

Worst Davy Crockett and Jim Bowie Ever

A lot of people considered it sacrilegious to cast Jeff Bridges as True Grit's Rooster Cogburn, a role made famous by John Wayne; how dare the Dude stand in for the Duke? I thought Bridges did a credible job, but here's my beef: casting Billy Bob Thornton as Davy Crockett, a role filled by John Wayne in The Alamo (1960). Thornton made as sorry a Davy Crockett as I could imagine, short of putting Philip Seymour Hoffman in the part. Thornton plays a great loser in films like Bad Santa, but it is impossible to see him as a charismatic leader-of-men like Crockett.

That said, Thornton's Davy Crockett had his equal in Jason Patric's lackluster Jim Bowie. The first few seconds of this clip from The Alamo (2004) shows Crockett examining Bowie's knife. (Excuse the Chinese subtitles.) Neither actor comes off as a fighter. In fact, both look like they'd burst into tears if someone gave them a good shove.



Here's a list of actors who played Bowie over the years, leaving out a few insignificant television portrayals. I haven't seen many of these films, but of the ones I have, actors Scott Forbes, Richard Widmark, and Sterling Hayden struck me as quite adequate for the role.
Alfred Paget, Martyrs of the Alamo (1915)
Hal Taliaferro, The Painted Stallion (1937)
Roger Williams, Heroes of the Alamo (1937)
Robert Armstrong, Man of Conquest (1939)
Macdonald Carey, Comanche Territory (1950)
Alan Ladd, The Iron Mistress (1952)
Stuart Randall, The Man from the Alamo (1953)
Sterling Hayden, The Last Command (1955)
Jeff Morrow, The First Texan (1956)
Scott Forbes, The Adventures of Jim Bowie (1956-1958, TV)
Richard Widmark, The Alamo (1960)
Michael Beck, Houston: The Legend of Texas (1986, TV)
James Arness, The Alamo: Thirteen Days to Glory (1987, TV)
Steve Sandor, Alamo: The Price of Freedom (1988)
David Keith, Texas (1994, TV)
Peter Coyote, Two for Texas (1998, TV)
Jason Patric, The Alamo (2004)